Understanding formula milk

Formula milk is made with cows’ milk and is specially tailored to meet a baby’s nutritional needs with the addition of vitamins, minerals and LCP’s. It usually comes as a powder, ready to be mixed with boiled water and given in a bottle. Ready-made feeds are also available and can be useful if you’re on the go and for during the night.

Formula milks are usually categorised by age or nutritional needs. Infant formula (0−6 months) is either ‘whey dominant’ or ‘casein dominant’. It’s best to start with a whey-based formula milk and see how your baby gets on.

For hungrier babies there are formula milks containing proteins which form a thicker curd in the stomach. These are usually labelled 'hungry' or 'for hungry babies'.

There are also formula milks available that are specially designed for preterm babies, babies with feeding problems such as colic, constipation and lactose intolerance, or those with a cows' milk protein allergy. If you’re concerned about any of these conditions, ask your healthcare professional for advice.

Powdered milk is not sterile, so it’s important to follow this guide to safe preparation.

• Always follow the instructions on the pack – some baby formulas have different preparation methods to others.
• Use fresh tap water that has been boiled – hot enough to kill any bacteria. Let it cool for 30 minutes before using it.
• Prepare a fresh bottle for each feed and throw away anything that’s left over, as bacteria can breed quickly at room temperature.
• Wash and sterilise all feeding equipment before use.

Last reviewed: 28th July 2014